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Precision calibration of calorimeter signals in the ATLAS experiment using an uncertainty-aware neural network

G. AadCentre de physique des particules de MarseilleErlend AakvaagUniversity of BergenBraden Keim AbbottUniversity of OklahomaSara AbdelhameedUniversity of OklahomaKira AbelingUniversity of GöttingenNils Julius AbichtTU Dortmund UniversityHaider AbidiBrookhaven National LaboratoryMohammed AboelelaSouthern Methodist UniversityAsmaa AboulhormaMohammed V University in RabatH. AbramowiczTel Aviv UniversityY. AbulaitiNew York UniversityB. S. AcharyaAbdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical PhysicsAnke AckermannHeidelberg UniversityClaire Adam BourdariosLaboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des ParticulesL. AdamczykAGH University of Science and TechnologySagar AddepalliSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMatt AddisonUniversity of ManchesterJahred AdelmanNorthern Illinois UniversityAytul AdiguzelIstanbul UniversityTim AdyeRutherford Appleton LaboratoryTony AffolderUniversity of California, Santa CruzY. AfikUniversity of ChicagoMerve Nazlim AgarasBarcelona Institute for Science and TechnologyAnamika AggarwalJohannes Gutenberg University of MainzC. AgheorghieseiAlexandru Ioan Cuza UniversityF. AhmadovAzerbaijan National Academy of SciencesS. AhujaRoyal Holloway University of LondonX. AiZhengzhou UniversityGiulio AielliINFN Sezione di Roma IIArya AikotInstitute for Corpuscular PhysicsMalak Ait TamlihatMohammed V University in RabatBrahim AitbenchikhUniversity of Hassan II CasablancaMelike AkbiyikJohannes Gutenberg University of MainzTorsten AkessonLund UniversityAndrei AkimovStony Brook UniversityDaiya AkiyamaWaseda UniversityNilima Nilesh AkolkarUniversity of BonnS. AktasBoğaziçi UniversityGian Luigi AlberghiINFN BolognaJ. AlbertUniversity of VictoriaP. AlbicoccoINFN National Laboratory of FrascatiGuillaume Lucas AlbouyLaboratory of Subatomic Physics and CosmologySara AlderweireldtUniversity of EdinburghZ. L. AlegriaOklahoma State UniversityMartin AleksaEuropean Organization for Nuclear ResearchI. N. AleksandrovEuropean Organization for Nuclear ResearchC. AlexaHoria Hulubei National Institute for R and D in Physics and Nuclear EngineeringT. AlexopoulosNational Technical University of AthensFabrizio AlfonsiINFN BolognaMalte AlgrenUniversity of GenevaMuhammad AlhroobUniversity of WarwickBabar AliCzech Technical University in PragueHanadi AliImam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic UniversityS. AliCalifornia State University, FresnoSamuel William AlibocusUniversity of LiverpoolM. AlievUniversity of JohannesburgGianluca AlimontiINFN Sezione di MilanoWael AlkakhiUniversity of GöttingenCorentin AllaireUniversity of Paris-SaclayBenedict AllbrookeUniversity of SussexJonny AllenUniversity of EdinburghJulia Frances AllenUniversity of EdinburghPhilip Patrick AllportUniversity of BirminghamA. AloisioINFN NapoliF. AlonsoNational University of La PlataCristiano AlpigianiUniversity of Washington Applied Physics LaboratoryZainab Mohammad K AlsolamiLancaster UniversityAdrian Alvarez FernandezJohannes Gutenberg University of MainzMario Alves CardosoUniversity of GenevaMariagrazia AlviggiINFN NapoliM. AlyUniversity of ManchesterY. Amaral CoutinhoUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroAlessandro AmblerMcGill UniversityChristoph AmelungEuropean Organization for Nuclear ResearchChristoph AmesLudwig Maximilian University of MunichDante AmideiUniversity of Michigan–Ann ArborBaktash AminiUniversity of FreiburgKyle AmirieUniversity of TorontoArtem AmirkhanovUniversity of TorontoS. P. Amor Dos SantosLaboratory of Instrumentation and Experimental Particles PhysicsK. R. AmosInstitute for Corpuscular PhysicsDimitra AmperiadouAristotle University of ThessalonikiViktor AnanievUniversity of OsloChristos AnastopoulosUniversity of SheffieldT. AndeenThe University of Texas at AustinJohn Kenneth AndersUniversity of LiverpoolAdam Campbell AndersonScottish Universities Physics AllianceA. AndreazzaINFN Sezione di MilanoStylianos AngelidakisNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAaron AngeramiColumbia UniversityAlexey AnisenkovColumbia UniversityAlberto AnnoviINFN Sezione di PisaC. AntelUniversity of GenevaEgor AntipovStony Brook UniversityMario AntonelliINFN National Laboratory of FrascatiFabio AnulliINFN Sezione di Roma IMasato AokiHigh Energy Accelerator Research OrganizationTakumi AokiUniversity of Tokyo
SciPost Physicsjournal2025en
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Annotatsiya

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider explores the use of modern neural networks for a multi-dimensional calibration of its calorimeter signal defined by clusters of topologically connected cells (topo-clusters). The Bayesian neural network (BNN) approach not only yields a continuous and smooth calibration function that improves performance relative to the standard calibration but also provides uncertainties on the calibrated energies for each topo-cluster. The results obtained by using a trained BNN are compared to the standard local hadronic calibration and to a calibration provided by training a deep neural network. The uncertainties predicted by the BNN are interpreted in the context of a fractional contribution to the systematic uncertainties of the trained calibration. They are also compared to uncertainty predictions obtained from an alternative estimator employing repulsive ensembles.

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