THE STATE OF IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN CHILDREN DEPENDING ON TYPES OF NUTRITION

Relevance.Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life plays a decisive role in the development of the immune system and healthy growth of children. The aim of the study. To study and compare the immunological status of children depending on the type of feeding. Materials and methods of the study. A total of 123 children with different feeding patterns were examined. Blood tests and immunological assessments were performed using monoclonal antibodies CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD23, CD25, CD38, and CD95 to evaluate cellular and humoral immunity. Research results. Artificially fed children demonstrated a significant increase in lymphocytes, leukocytes, and CD3+ cells, along with a decrease in CD4+. Levels of B-lymphocytes, CD16+, CD23+, and CD38+ were elevated, indicating activation of apoptosis. A marked imbalance of IgM and IgA, increased circulating immune complexes, and higher allergization factors were observed in artificially fed groups. Conclusion. Immunological changes in children are closely related to the type of feeding. Breastfeeding supports the maintenance of immune balance, whereas artificial feeding is associated with physiological depletion of immune system reserves.

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