RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that significantly impacts global health, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The development of CKD is influenced by a combination of medical, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors. Key medical risks include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, genetic predisposition, and chronic inflammatory processes. Lifestyle factors such as poor nutrition, physical inactivity, smoking, and exposure to environmental toxins further contribute to kidney damage. Socio-demographic variables, including age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status, affect disease prevalence and progression. Early identification and management of these risk factors are crucial for preventing CKD progression, reducing complications, and improving patients’ quality of life. This review emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to CKD risk assessment and prevention strategies.

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