FUNGAL DISEASES OF PEACH AND SWEET CHERRY IN THE FERGANA VALLEY: DISTRIBUTION, HARMFULNESS AND CONTROL MEASURES

Peach (Prunus persica L.) and sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) are among the most important fruit crops cultivated in the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. However, fungal diseases significantly reduce yield and fruit quality in this region. The aim of this study was to identify the main fungal pathogens affecting peach and cherry, evaluate their distribution, and propose effective control strategies adapted to local agro-climatic conditions. Field surveys and laboratory analyses revealed that shot hole disease (Clasterosporium carpophilum), brown rot (Monilinia spp.), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa), and leaf spot diseases are the most widespread infections. Disease incidence strongly depended on spring precipitation, orchard density, and sanitation practices. Integrated disease management combining pruning, removal of infected plant material, fungicide application, and biological preparations showed the highest effectiveness. The results can be used to improve regional plant protection systems for stone fruit orchards.

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