Artificial Intelligence and Religious Ethics: Evaluating Reliance on Islamic Chatbots For Spiritual Guidance

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) has initiated a transformative period in the dissemination of religious knowledge and the exercise of spiritual authority within the global Muslim community. By providing a comprehensive evaluation of the ethical, theological, and jurisprudential implications of utilizing Islamic chatbots for religious guidance, with a localized focus on the Republic of Uzbekistan, the article examines technical performance metrics from benchmarks like IslamicEval 2025, sociological shifts among Generation Z users, and the application of the Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿa as a normative framework for digital ethics. The findings emphasize that while AI facilitates unprecedented access to religious texts, the persistence of "algorithmic hallucinations," the absence of spiritual lineage (sanad), and the lack of moral intentionality (niyyah) necessitate a "Human-in-the-Loop" approach to safeguard the integrity of the Islamic legal tradition.

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