MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BENZOTHIAZOLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES WITH COBALT AND NICKEL METALS.

This article extensively analyzes the scientific and practical significance of coordination (complex) compounds formed by Benzothiazole and its various derivatives with Cobalt and Nickel ions in medicine. The benzothiazole nucleus is a heterocyclic system containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms, which is capable of forming strong coordination bonds with metal ions. As a result of complexation with metal, the physicochemical properties of this organic skeleton, in particular, lipophilicity, stability, and permeability through biological membranes, significantly increase. The article sheds light on the mechanisms of antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic (antitumor) action of benzothiazole-metal complexes at the cellular and molecular levels. In particular, the properties of cobalt-containing complexes to neutralize free radicals and block the enzyme systems of microorganisms, and nickel-containing complexes to activate apoptosis by affecting DNA replication, are described based on scientific data. The coordination geometry of these complexes (octahedral, square-planar) and their relationship to biological activity are also considered. The analyses show that the complexes of benzothiazole with cobalt and nickel have higher pharmacological efficacy than simple organic compounds and are a promising direction in the creation of a new generation of antimicrobial and antitumor drugs.

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