<scp>MXene</scp> Quantum Dot–Enabled Biosensing of Metabolic Biomarkers in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: Biological Context and Translational Perspectives

ABSTRACT MXene quantum dots (MQDs) have recently emerged as a versatile class of nanomaterials for biosensing applications, offering unique opportunities for probing biologically relevant metabolic processes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of MQD‐enabled biosensing platforms with a specific focus on metabolic biomarkers associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The article examines MQDs as bioactive interfaces, highlighting how surface chemistry, electronic characteristics, and biocompatibility govern their interaction with biological systems. The biological relevance of metabolic and oxidative biomarkers is then discussed in the context of disease pathophysiology, emphasizing their roles in energy homeostasis, oxidative imbalance, and systemic dysfunction. Reported MQD‐based biosensing platforms for key metabolic biomarkers, including small‐molecule metabolites and neurohumoral indicators, are reviewed with attention to analytical performance and biological applicability. Finally, translational challenges and future perspectives are addressed, focusing on material standardization, biological robustness, regulatory considerations, and clinical workflow integration. By integrating material science, disease biology, and applied biosensing, this review outlines a structured framework for advancing MQD‐based diagnostics toward clinically relevant applications in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

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