THE CONCEPT OF ECOLOGICAL HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO ITS RESEARCH

The article examines the formation of the concept of environmental history, its theoretical foundations, and scientific approaches to research. The stages of environmental history development as an independent scientific field are analyzed, and its interdisciplinary nature and significance in studying the relationship between nature and society are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the practical importance of environmental history using the example of the Aral Sea basin in Central Asia. The role of historical and environmental analysis in identifying the causes of ecological crises and developing scientifically grounded solutions for sustainable development is substantiated.

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