The Development of Museum Pedagogy in Foreign Countries and Its Role in The Modern Education System

In recent years, the education system has expanded beyond the traditional classroom environment, increasingly integrating with various social and cultural institutions. In this context, museums are recognized as important educational environments, and museum pedagogy is emerging as a distinct scientific and practical field. This article examines the formation and development of museum pedagogy in foreign countries, its theoretical foundations, and its role in the modern education system. The study employs historical-analytical, comparative, and systemic research methods. An analysis of scholarly sources indicates that museum pedagogy originated in European countries in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and subsequently developed extensively in the United States, Canada, and other countries. While museums initially focused on preserving and exhibiting cultural heritage, their educational functions have expanded significantly over time. In the contemporary period, museums have evolved into interactive, constructivist, and digital learning environments, transforming visitors from passive observers into active participants in the learning process. Museum pedagogy plays a significant role in fostering historical thinking, cultural awareness, critical thinking, and social competencies among the younger generation. The findings of the study demonstrate that the integration of museum pedagogy into the education system represents an important direction in modern pedagical development.

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