Spontaneous rupture of the veins of the spermatic cord and testicle as a rare complication of varicocele

Acute scrotal hematoma developing due to spontaneous rupture of the spermatic cord caused by varicocele is a relatively rare complication. Its clinical presentation is similar to testicular torsion, appendix testis torsion and malignant tumor which significantly complicates differential diagnosis. Sudden pain, scrotum enlargement, sometimes cyanosis after intraperitoneal pressure increase or intense physical activity and hematoma on the left should alarm a doctor because they can be signs of vein rupture due to varicocele. Anamnesis of varicocele, character of the injury, color Doppler ultrasound can help in differential diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary orchidectomy. The article presents a review of international literature on a rare complication of varicocele – rupture of the testicular veins.

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