Clinical and Diagnostic Characteristics of Ophthalmic Manifestations in Midfacial Trauma

Midface injuries are often associated with orbital and ocular damage, increasing the risk of persistent vision loss and disability. Early recognition of ophthalmologic changes associated with midface fractures and modern interdisciplinary treatment strategies are key to preserving visual function. Objective. To determine the course of ophthalmological interventions in patients with midface trauma and evaluate the clinical and etiological factors associated with decreased visual acuity. Materials and Methods. Outpatient records and spectral examination results were retrospectively analyzed for 120 patients (120 eyes) who presented to the National Medical Center in 2024–2025 within 1–14 days after injury. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examinations; the nature of image changes was assessed using MSCT/3D-CT data. Results. The leading causes of injury were road traffic accidents (55.0 %), subsequent domestic conflicts (25.0 %), and falls (15.0 %). Ophthalmological changes were detected in 85 % of patients. The most common comorbidities were periorbital edema/subcutaneous hematoma of the eyelids (70.8 %), subconjunctival hemorrhage (42.5 %), diplopia (25.8%), limited ocular motility (21.7 %), enophthalmos (18.3 %), and traumatic optic neuropathy (12.5 %). An objective decrease in best-corrected visual acuity was noted in 25 % of patients. Conclusions. In patients with midface trauma, ophthalmologic abnormalities are common and can impair vision. Incorporating a complete ophthalmologic examination into routine care and collaboration between the maxillofacial surgeon and ophthalmologist can improve motor detection and enhance rotation to preserve vision. Keywords: midface trauma; diplopia; orbital fractures; enophthalmos; traumatic optic neuropathy

Hali tarjima qilinmagan