MISMANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AS THE MAIN CAUSE OF THE ARAL SEA DISASTER.

This article scientifically analyzes the ecological and social consequences of improper water resource management using the example of the Aral Sea. The study demonstrates that inefficient use of water resources in the Amu Darya and Syr Darya basins, particularly the expansion of irrigation systems, large-scale water losses, and the artificial regulation of river flow through hydraulic engineering structures, were the main factors that led to the dramatic decline of the Aral Sea water level. In addition, environmental problems caused by the disruption of the water balance — including desertification, soil salinization, reduction of biodiversity, and negative impacts on human health — were comprehensively evaluated. The article also highlights modern approaches to rational water resource management and the prospects for their application in the Aral Sea region. The obtained results provide an important scientific basis for developing strategies aimed at ensuring ecological sustainability and the efficient use of water resources in the region.

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