SUFISM AND SPIRITUAL ETHICS IN THE WORKS OF HAKIM AL-TIRMIDHI

Hakim al-Tirmidhi (c. 820–932 CE) occupies a unique position in the intellectual and spiritual history of Islam. As one of the most influential early Muslim mystics and theologians, he contributed significantly to the development of Sufism, particularly in the fields of spiritual psychology, ethics, sainthood (wilayah), and moral purification. Born in Termez, a prominent center of Islamic scholarship in present-day Uzbekistan, al-Tirmidhi developed a comprehensive vision of spirituality that integrated religious knowledge, ethical conduct, and inner transformation. This article examines the spiritual and ethical dimensions of his writings, focusing on his understanding of the human soul, moral responsibility, divine love, and the journey toward spiritual perfection. Through textual and historical analysis, the study demonstrates that al-Tirmidhi's teachings continue to provide valuable insights into contemporary discussions of ethics, personal development, and spirituality. His works reveal a sophisticated understanding of the relationship between external religious practice and internal moral excellence, emphasizing that true faith manifests through both spiritual awareness and ethical behavior

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