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Computational analysis of thermally reactive MHD thixotropic hybrid nanofluid flow under the influence of natural convection past a stretching surface

Ibrahim MahariqDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcılar-Istanbul, 34310, Istanbul, TürkiyeMedhat M. HelalCivil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad ShaheenDepartment of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, PakistanMehreen FizaDepartment of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, PakistanHakeem UllahDepartment of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan. [email protected]Ali AkgülFaculty of Science, Department of Computer Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, TürkiyeFarkhod RakhmonovSchool of Exact Sciences, National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan named after Nizami, Tashkent, UzbekistanIlyas KhanDepartment of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, 11952, Al-Majmaah, Saudi ArabiaAbdoalrahman S. A. OmerDepartment of Information System, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Majmaah University, 11952, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia. [email protected]Seham M. Al-MekhlafiDepartment of Mathematics, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen. [email protected]

2026en

ABI

Annotatsiya

/water thixotropic hybrid nanofluid over a vertically stretching sheet. The boundary-layer model incorporates magnetic effects, thermal radiation, heat generation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, melting, chemical reaction, species diffusion, and motile microorganisms. By applying suitable similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using MATLAB bvp4c. The results show that the magnetic field suppresses the velocity profile, whereas melting enhances it. Temperature increases with the heat source parameter but decreases with radiation and melting, while nanoparticle concentration declines with higher Schmidt number and chemical reaction. In addition, microorganism concentration decreases with the bioconvection Lewis number and increases with the Peclet number and microorganism concentration difference parameter.

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DOI: 10.1186/s11671-026-04730-3

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