Maqola

Surface ionization of diamond by femtosecond laser pulses: A comparative study of analytical models

Zukhriddin RuzievNational University of Uzbekistan, Faculty of Physics, University Street 4, Tashkent 100095, UzbekistanУ. К. СапаевTashkent Branch of the Russian Gubkin University, Tashkent, UzbekistanHusan EshkuvatovInstitute for Advanced Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr Str. 1, Tashkent 100007, UzbekistanRakhmatillo KarimovTashkent State Technical University, Tashkent 100095, UzbekistanIslom EgamberdievSamarkand State Architectural and Civil-Engineering InstituteMadumar MusurmonovKimyo International University in Tashkent, Shota Rustaveli street, 156, 100121 Tashkent, UzbekistanBekzod RahmatovTashkent State Technical University, Tashkent 100095, UzbekistanA. JapakovUrgench State University, Kh. Alimjan Str. 14, Urgench 220100, UzbekistanShavkat KarshiboevSamarkand State Pedagogical Institute, Spitamen Shokh Str. 166, Samarkand 140100, UzbekistanKhurshida BegmurodovaDenov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy, Denau, Surkhandarya Region, UzbekistanRakhmat TurniyazovSamarkand State University, University Avenue 15, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan

2026en

ABI

Annotatsiya

This paper presents a theoretical study of femtosecond-laser–induced ionization processes on diamond surfaces based on three analytical models: the multiphoton (MP) ionization model, the Ammosov–Delone–Krainov (ADK) tunneling model, and the Ivanov–Yudin (IY) model. The models were employed to analyze the dependence of plasma density on laser intensity, frequency ratio, and temporal evolution. The results reveal that the MP model is effective at low intensities and high frequencies, the ADK model is more accurate under strong-field conditions, and the IY model captures nonadiabatic and time-dependent effects, serving as an intermediate bridge between the two. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of laser–matter interactions requires a hybrid use of analytical models or their integration with advanced computational techniques, and the findings provide valuable insights for applications in micro- and nanoprocessing technologies, optical and quantum device fabrication, and biomedical sensing.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2025.100942

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