Agricultural extension services for farm resilience in Russian–Ukrainian Conflict
Annotatsiya
Abstract We analyse how agricultural extension services affect farm resilience using the Post-Russian Invasion Survey of Smallholder Farmers in Ukraine for 2022–3. Farm household resilience is measured using the Resilience Capacity Index (RCI), constructed from Adaptive Capacity (AC), Assets (AST), Social Safety Nets (SSN), and Sensitivity (S). To address the heterogeneity problem, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) defines homogenous resilience profiles. The manuscript also examines a causal relationship by incorporating treatment effects into latent analysis. The results reveal that extension service receivers experience higher levels of AST and SSN. The extension service has a positive effect on RCI levels.
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