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Thermodynamic analysis and multiobjective optimization of a solar-driven PTC–ORC–desalination multigeneration system with ternary working fluids

Asokan VasudevanINTI International UniversityAmenah Adnan Shakir Al-MohammediDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Al Maarif, RamadiSuleiman Ibrahim MohammadINTI International University, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaOzodbek NematovGeneral History Department, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, UzbekistanI.B. SapaevPhysics and Chemistry, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, National Research University, Tashkent, UzbekistanShahbaz JunejaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, IndiaPardeep Singh BainsDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sharda School of Engineering & Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, IndiaSabir WidatallaUniversity of TabukAli HosseinDepartment of Chemistry, Kabul Education University of Rabbani, Kabul, Afghanistan

2026en

ABI

Annotatsiya

This study investigates a solar-driven multigeneration system integrating a parabolic trough collector, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), and a thermal desalination unit to produce electricity, freshwater, and useful heat. The main contribution is the utilization of a ternary working-fluid mixture (R152a/R1234yf/R600a) and the systematic multiobjective optimization of its mass fractions. A comprehensive thermodynamic model was developed, validated, and evaluated for two representative operating days, 21 December and 21 June. Weighted-sum multiobjective optimization was performed across three scenarios. The power-priority and water-priority scenarios yielded optimal mass fractions of 0.45/0.34/0.21 and 0.41/0.26/0.33, respectively. The balanced scenario, weighting net power output, condenser heat duty, and freshwater production rate equally, identified a recommended composition of 0.38/0.22/0.40 with an aggregate index of 0.7076. Under this optimal mixture, the system delivered a net power output, condenser heat duty, and freshwater production rate of 1060 W, 13,870 W, and 20.45 kg h −1 on 21 December, and 1475 W, 19,750 W, and 28.80 kg h −1 on 21 June, respectively. The recommended mixture also showed a low mass-weighted global warming potential of 54 and lower cost compared to pure R1234yf. Furthermore, component-level exergy analysis identified the solar collector field as the dominant source of irreversibility, accounting for 68.5% and 73.2% of the total exergy destruction on 21 December and 21 June, respectively, followed by the ORC boiler with 12.8% and 10.5% shares. These results demonstrate that while composition optimization balances system yields, future thermodynamic improvements should focus on solar collection and heat addition.

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DOI: 10.1177/01445987261484180

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