Influence of a complex of indicators on the rate and extent of the soil formation process in soils of the Kashkadarya river basin in Uzbekistan

Studying the rate of soil formation is important for assessing soil fertility, predicting changes in soil cover, and developing soil resource management methods. This article presents a study examining the rate of soil formation in areas with varying bioclimatic conditions and soil cover in the Kashkadarya River basin, Uzbekistan. The study subjects were virgin soils in a vertical zonation from desert to high-mountain zones: gray-brown desert soil, takyr soil, typical gray soil, mountain brown soil, and light-brown meadow-steppe high-mountain soil. Due to the diversity of parent materials, changing bioclimatic and altitudinal zones, and the process of subsurface weathering, fluctuations in the content of initial parameters-crystalline lattice energy, amorphous iron, and kaolinite-were observed in the soils, leading to changes in the rate of soil formation. The sequence of increasing rates of soil formation in the studied soils is as follows: takyr soil – typical serozem – light brown meadow-steppe soil – mountain brown soil – gray-brown desert soil. In-depth study of soil-forming processes in biocenoses is necessary for developing strategies for increasing soil fertility and optimizing land use.

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