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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Low-Carbon Mobility Solutions

Deepak GuptaInstitute of Technology and Management, Gwalior, IndiaErgashev Nuriddin GayratovichKarshi State Technical University. Karshi, UzbekistanMirzaev AbdullaevichTashkent State University of Economy, UzbekistanDavlatova ToshpulatovnaTermiz State University of Engineering and Agrotechnology, Termiz, UzbekistanYarmatov SharofiddinTermez University of Economics and Service, Termez, UzbekistanBegimov UktamAlfraganus University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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Transport is responsible for approximately 24% of global CO2 emissions, making it a critical sector for decarbonization. This chapter presents a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of low-carbon mobility solutions, including battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs), public transit systems, and active transport modes such as cycling and walking. Drawing on life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies, total cost of ownership (TCO) models, and estimates of the social cost of carbon (SCC), the analysis quantifies both the private and social returns to low-carbon investment. Evidence suggests that BEVs and public transit deliver benefit-cost ratios significantly above unity when externalities are monetized, while active transport yields some of the highest co-benefits through reduced congestion, improved public health, and lower infrastructure costs.

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