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<i>Planck</i>2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters

P. A. R. AdeSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UKN. AghanimInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS UMR8617, Université Paris-Sud 11, Bâtiment 121, 91405 Orsay, FranceC. Armitage-CaplanSub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKM. ArnaudLaboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d'Astrophysique – CEA/DSM – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot, Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, FranceM. AshdownAstrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UKF. Atrio‐BarandelaDepartamento de Física Fundamental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, SpainJ. AumontInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS UMR8617, Université Paris-Sud 11, Bâtiment 121, 91405 Orsay, FranceC. BaccigalupiSISSA, Astrophysics Sector, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, ItalyA. J. BandayUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceR. B. BarreiroInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, SpainJ. G. BartlettJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAE. BattanerUniversity of Granada, Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, SpainK. BenabedUPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceA. Benoı̂tInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceA. Benoit-LévyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKJ. P. BernardUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceM. BersanelliDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, ItalyP. BielewiczSISSA, Astrophysics Sector, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, ItalyJ. BobinUniversité Paris CitéJ. J. BockJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAA. BonaldiJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKJ. R. BondCITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto ON M5S 3H8, CanadaJ. BorrillSpace Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USAF. R. BouchetInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceM. BridgesInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKM. BucherAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet75205Paris Cedex 13FranceC. BuriganaINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyR. C. ButlerINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyE. CalabreseSub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKB. CappelliniINAF/IASF Milano, via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyJ.-F. CardosoInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceA. CatalanoLaboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, 53 rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, FranceA. ChallinorInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKA. ChamballuLaboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d'Astrophysique – CEA/DSM – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot, Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, FranceRanga‐Ram CharyInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA 91125, USAX. ChenInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA 91125, USAH. C. ChiangDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USAL.-Y ChiangInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 106 Taipei, TaiwanP. R. ChristensenS. ChurchStanford University, Dept of Physics, Varian Physics Bldg, 382 via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California, USAD. L. ClementsImperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UKS. ColombiUPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceL. P. L. ColomboDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letter, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USAF. CouchotLAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay, FranceA. CoulaisLERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, FranceB. P. CrillObservational Cosmology, Mail Stop 367-17, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA 91125, USAA. CurtoAstrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UKF. CuttaiaINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyL. DaneseSISSA, Astrophysics Sector, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, ItalyR. D. DaviesJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKR. J. DavisJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKP. de BernardisDipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, ItalyA. de RosaINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyG. de ZottiINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyJ. DelabrouilleAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet75205Paris Cedex 13FranceJ.‐M. DelouisUPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceF.–X. DésertIPAG: Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, UMR 5274, 38041 Grenoble, FranceC. DickinsonJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKJ. M. DiegoInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, SpainK. DolagMax-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyH. DoleInstitut Universitaire de France, 103 bd Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, FranceS. DonzelliINAF/IASF Milano, via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyO. DoréJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAM. DouspisInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS UMR8617, Université Paris-Sud 11, Bâtiment 121, 91405 Orsay, FranceJ. DunkleySub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKX. DupacEuropean Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, SpainG. EfstathiouInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKF. ElsnerInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceT. A. EnßlinMax-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyH. K. EriksenInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, NorwayF. Finelli⋆INFN, Sezione di Bologna, via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, ItalyO. ForniCNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceM. FrailisINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, ItalyA. A. FraisseDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USAE. FranceschiINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyT. GaierJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAS. GaleottaINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, ItalyS. GalliInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceK. GangaAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet75205Paris Cedex 13FranceM. GiardCNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceG. GiardinoEuropean Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsY. Giraud–HéraudAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet75205Paris Cedex 13FranceE. GjerløwInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, NorwayJ. González-NuevoInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, SpainK. M. GórskiJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAS. GrattonInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKA. GregorioINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, ItalyA. GruppusoINAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyJ. E. GudmundssonDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USAJ. HaïssinskiLAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay, FranceJ. HamannTheory Division, PH-TH, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, SwitzerlandF. K. HansenInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, NorwayD. HansonJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USAD. L. HarrisonKavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKS. Henrot–VersilléLAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405 Orsay, FranceC. Hernández-MonteagudoMax-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyD. HerranzInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, SpainS. R. HildebrandtCalifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USAE. HivonInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceM. HobsonAstrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

2014en

ABI

Annotatsiya

This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles ( > 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatiallyflat six-parameter CDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be * = (1.04147 0.00062) 10 -2 , b h 2 = 0.02205 0.00028, c h 2 = 0.1199 0.0027, and n s = 0.9603 0.0073, respectively (note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H 0 = (67.3 1.2) km s -1 Mpc -1 , and a high value of the matter density parameter, m = 0.315 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H 0 and the magnituderedshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter CDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter CDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity is insensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit of r 0.002 < 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N eff = 3.30 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N eff = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13 +0.13 -0.10 . We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter CDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 < < 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an "anomaly" in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data.

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DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201321591

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