Validating the galaxy and quasar catalog-level blinding scheme for the DESI 2024 analysis
U. AndradeDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AJ. Mena-FernándezLaboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, 53 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, FranceHumna AwanLeinweber Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, U.S.AA.J. RossCenter for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.AS. BriedenInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, U.KJ. PanDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AArnaud de MattiaIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceJ. AguilarLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AS. AhlenPhysics Department, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, U.S.AO. AlvesDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.ADavid BrooksDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.KE. Buckley‐GeerDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.AE. ChaussidonLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AT. ClaybaughLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AShaun ColeInstitute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.KAxel de la MacorraInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoArjun DeyNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AP. DoelDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.KK. FanningKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94305, U.S.AJ. E. Forero-RomeroDepartamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 No. 18A-10, Edificio Ip, CP 111711, Bogotá, ColombiaE. GaztañagaInstitut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, SpainHéctor Gil-MarínDepartament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E08028 Barcelona, SpainSatya Gontcho A GontchoLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AJ. GuyLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AChang Hoon HahnDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, U.S.AM. HanifDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AK. HonscheidCenter for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.ACullan HowlettSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, 4072, AustraliaDragan HutererDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AS. JuneauNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AAnthony KreminLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AMartin LandriauLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AL. Le GuillouSorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), FR-75005 Paris, FranceM. E. LeviLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AMarc ManeraDepartament de Física, Serra Húnter, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainPaul MartiniCenter for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.AAaron MeisnerNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AR. MiquelInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, SpainJohn MoustakasDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Siena College, 515 Loudon Road, Loudonville, NY 12211, U.S.AEva-Maria MuellerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, U.KA. Muñoz-GutiérrezInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoAdam D. MyersDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University, Dept. 3905, Laramie, WY 82071, U.S.AS. NadathurInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, U.KJeffrey A. NewmanDepartment of Physics & Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.AJundan NieNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A20 Datun Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, P.R. ChinaGustavo NizDepartamento de Física, Universidad de Guanajuato – DCI, C.P. 37150, Leon, Guanajuato, MéxicoE. PaillasDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaN. Palanque‐DelabrouilleIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceWill J. PercivalDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaMichele PinonIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceClaire PoppettLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AFrancisco PradaInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía, s/n, E-18008 Granada, SpainA. Pérez-FernándezInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoM. RashkovetskyiCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.AMehdi RezaieDepartment of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, U.S.AGraziano RossiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, KoreaE. SánchezCIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, E-28040 Madrid, SpainDavid J. SchlegelLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AM. SchubnellDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AHee‐Jong SeoDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, U.S.ADavid SprayberryNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AG. TarléDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AM. Vargas-MagañaInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoLicia VerdeInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, SpainB. A. WeaverNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.A
2025en
ABI
Annotatsiya
Abstract In the era of precision cosmology, ensuring the integrity of data analysis through blinding techniques is paramount — a challenge particularly relevant for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). DESI represents a monumental effort to map the cosmic web, with the goal to measure the redshifts of tens of millions of galaxies and quasars. Given the data volume and the impact of the findings, the potential for confirmation bias poses a significant challenge. To address this, we implement and validate a comprehensive blind analysis strategy for DESI Data Release 1 (DR1), tailored to the specific observables DESI is most sensitive to: Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), Redshift-Space Distortion (RSD) and primordial non-Gaussianities (PNG). We carry out the blinding at the catalog level, implementing shifts in the redshifts of the observed galaxies to blind for BAO and RSD signals and weights to blind for PNG through a scale-dependent bias. We validate the blinding technique on mocks as well as on data by applying a second blinding layer to perform a series of sanity checks; the latter allows probing complexities in real data not captured in mocks. We find that the blinding strategy alters the data vector in a controlled way, and the BAO and RSD analysis choices are robust to blinding. The successful validation of the blinding strategy paves the way for the unblinded DESI DR1 analysis, alongside future blind analyses with DESI and other surveys.
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