Roles of the immune system in cancer: from tumor initiation to metastatic progression
Hugo GonzálezDepartment of Anatomy, the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USACatharina HagerlingDepartment of Anatomy, the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USAZena WerbDepartment of Anatomy, the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
2018en
ABI
Annotatsiya
The presence of inflammatory immune cells in human tumors raises a fundamental question in oncology: How do cancer cells avoid the destruction by immune attack? In principle, tumor development can be controlled by cytotoxic innate and adaptive immune cells; however, as the tumor develops from neoplastic tissue to clinically detectable tumors, cancer cells evolve different mechanisms that mimic peripheral immune tolerance in order to avoid tumoricidal attack. Here, we provide an update of recent accomplishments, unifying concepts, and future challenges to study tumor-associated immune cells, with an emphasis on metastatic carcinomas.
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