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Constraining the energy budget of GRB���080721

R. L. C. StarlingDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHE. RolAstronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94249, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsA. J. van der HorstNASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow, NSSTC, 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805, USASung-Chul YoonUCO/Lick Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAV. Pal'ShinIoffe Physico-Technical Institute, Laboratory for Experimental Astrophysics, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya, St Petersburg 194021, RussiaC. LedouxEuropean Southern Observatory, Alonso de Crdova 3107, Casilla 19001, Vitacura, Santiago, ChileK. L. PageDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHJ. P. U. FynboDark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen , DenmarkK. WiersemaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHN. R. TanvirDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHP. JakobssonCentre for Astrophysics and Cosmology, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 5, 107 Reykjavk, IcelandC. GuidorziINAF -Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate (LC), ItalyP. A. CurranMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NTA. J. LevanDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7ALP. T. O’BrienDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHJ. P. OsborneDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RHD. SvinkinIoffe Physico-Technical Institute, Laboratory for Experimental Astrophysics, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya, St Petersburg 194021, RussiaA. de Ugarte PostigoEuropean Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Casilla 19001, Vitacura, Santiago (Chile)T. OostingDepartment of Astrophysics, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, the NetherlandsIan D. HowarthDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
2009en
ABI

Annotatsiya

We follow the bright, highly energetic afterglow of Swift-discovered GRB 080721 at z = 2.591 out to 36 d or 3 10 6 s since the trigger in the optical and X-ray bands. We do not detect a break in the late-time light curve inferring a limit on the opening angle of j 7. 3 and setting tight constraints on the total energy budget of the burst of E 9.9 10 51 erg within the fireball model. To obey the fireball model closure relations, the gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet must be expanding into a homogeneous surrounding medium and likely lies behind a significant column of dust. The energy constraint we derive can be used as an observational input for models of the progenitors of long GRBs: we discuss how such high collimationcorrected energies could be accommodated with certain parameters of the standard massive star core-collapse models. We can, however, most probably rule out a magnetar progenitor for this GRB which would require 100 per cent efficiency to reach the observed total energy.

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DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15443.x

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