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Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide

Maria R. LukatskayaA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAOlha MashtalirA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAChang E. RenA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAYohan Dall’AgneseA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAPatrick RozierUniversité Paul Sabatier, CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, FrancePierre‐Louis TabernaUniversité Paul Sabatier, CIRIMAT UMR CNRS 5085, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, FranceMichael NaguibA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAPatrice SimonRéseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, FranceMichel W. BarsoumDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAYury GogotsiA. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

2013en

ABI

Annotatsiya

The intercalation of ions into layered compounds has long been exploited in energy storage devices such as batteries and electrochemical capacitors. However, few host materials are known for ions much larger than lithium. We demonstrate the spontaneous intercalation of cations from aqueous salt solutions between two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2 MXene layers. MXenes combine 2D conductive carbide layers with a hydrophilic, primarily hydroxyl-terminated surface. A variety of cations, including Na(+), K(+), NH4(+), Mg(2+), and Al(3+), can also be intercalated electrochemically, offering capacitance in excess of 300 farads per cubic centimeter (much higher than that of porous carbons). This study provides a basis for exploring a large family of 2D carbides and carbonitrides in electrochemical energy storage applications using single- and multivalent ions.

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DOI: 10.1126/science.1241488

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