Room-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene
Kostya S. NovoselovDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAZhewei JiangDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAY. ZhangDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAС. В. МорозовDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAH. L. StörmerDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAU. ZeitlerDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAJ. C. MaanDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAG. S. BoebingerDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAPhilip KimDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USAA. K. GeǐmDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
2007en
ABI
Annotatsiya
The quantum Hall effect (QHE), one example of a quantum phenomenon that occurs on a truly macroscopic scale, has attracted intense interest since its discovery in 1980 and has helped elucidate many important aspects of quantum physics. It has also led to the establishment of a new metrological standard, the resistance quantum. Disappointingly, however, the QHE has been observed only at liquid-helium temperatures. We show that in graphene, in a single atomic layer of carbon, the QHE can be measured reliably even at room temperature, which makes possible QHE resistance standards becoming available to a broader community, outside a few national institutions.
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