A High‐Power Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃‐Bi Sodium‐Ion Full Battery in a Wide Temperature Range

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) that operate in a wide temperature range are in high demand for practical large‐scale electric energy storage. Herein, a novel full SIB is composed of a bulk Bi anode, a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /carbon nanotubes composite (NVP‐CNTs) cathode and a NaPF 6 ‐diglyme electrolyte. The Bi anode gradually evolves into a porous network in the ether‐based electrolyte during initial cycles, and in the NVP‐CNTs cathode the NVP is cross linked by CNTs to show large exchange current density. These unique features merit the full SIB of Bi//NVP‐CNTs with high Na + diffusion coefficient and low reaction activation energy, and hence fast Na + transport and facile redox reaction kinetics. The resultant full SIB presents high power density of 2354.6 W kg −1 and energy density of 150 Wh kg −1 and superior cycling stability in a wide temperature range from −15 to 45 °C. This will shed light on battery design, and promote their development for practical applications in various weather conditions.

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