Follow Up of GW170817 and Its Electromagnetic Counterpart by Australian-Led Observing Programmes
Igor AndreoniAustralian Astronomical Observatory, 105 Delhi Rd, North Ryde, NSW 2113, AustraliaK. AckleyMonash Centre of Astrophysics, Monash University, VIC 3800, AustraliaJeff CookeCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaAyan AcharyyaResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaJ. R. AllisonSydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaG. E. AndersonInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy ResearchM. C. B. AshleySchool of Physics, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, AustraliaD. BaadeEuropean Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO), Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyM. BailesCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaK. W. BannisterATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, AustraliaAdam P. BeardsleySchool of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USAM. S. BessellResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaFuyan BianResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaP. A. BlandDepartment of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaM. BoërArtémis/Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur/CNRS, Boulevard de l’Observatoire CS 34229 - F 06304 NICE Cedex 4, FranceT. BoolerInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaA. BrandekerDepartment of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Albanova, SE 10691 Stockholm, SwedenIan BrownDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USAD. A. H. BuckleySouth African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South AfricaSeo-Won ChangResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaD. M. CowardSchool of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaSteven M. CrawfordSouth African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South AfricaH. CrispSchool of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaB. CrosseInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaAntonino CucchiaraUniversity of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewer’s Bay, 00802 St Thomas, US Virgin Islands, USAMartin CupákDepartment of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaJ. S. de GoisInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaAdam T. DellerCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaHadrien A. R. DevillepoixDepartment of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaD. DobieATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, AustraliaE. ElmerSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKD. EmrichInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaWael FarahCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaTony J. FarrellAustralian Astronomical Observatory, 105 Delhi Rd, North Ryde, NSW 2113, AustraliaT. M. O. FranzenATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington WA 6152, AustraliaB. M. GaenslerDunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, CanadaD. K. GallowayMonash Centre of Astrophysics, Monash University, VIC 3800, AustraliaB. GendreArtémis/Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur/CNRS, Boulevard de l’Observatoire CS 34229 - F 06304 NICE Cedex 4, FranceTimothy W. GiblinDepartment of Physics, 2354 Fairchild Drive, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO 80840, USAA. GoobarThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova, SE 106 91 Stockholm, SwedenJames GreenAstronomy and SpaceP. J. HancockInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaBenjamin A. D. HartigDepartment of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaE. J. HowellSchool of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaL. HorsleyInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaA. W. HotanATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington WA 6152, AustraliaRobert M. HowieDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaLei HuChinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaYi-Ming HuChinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaC. JamesSydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaS. JohnstonATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, AustraliaM. Johnston‐HollittD. L. KaplanDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USAM. M. KasliwalDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAE. F. KeaneSKA Organisation, Jodrell Bank Observatory, SK11 9DL, UKD. KenneyInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaA. KlotzIRAP (CNRS/UPS) 34 ave. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceRyan M. LauDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USARomain LaugierArtémis/Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur/CNRS, Boulevard de l’Observatoire CS 34229 - F 06304 NICE Cedex 4, FranceE. LencSydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaX. LiChinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaEn‐Wei LiangSchool of Astronomy and Space Science and Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics in Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, ChinaC. LidmanAustralian Astronomical Observatory, 105 Delhi Rd, North Ryde, NSW 2113, AustraliaLance LuvaulResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaC. LynchSydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaBin MaNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaD. MacPhersonSchool of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaJ. R. MaoYunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650011 Kunming, Yunnan Province, ChinaD. E. McClellandResearch School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaCurtis McCullyDepartment of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USAA. MöllerResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaM. F. MoralesDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USADavid C. MorrisUniversity of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewer’s Bay, 00802 St Thomas, US Virgin Islands, USAT. MurphySydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaK. NoysenaArtémis/Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur/CNRS, Boulevard de l’Observatoire CS 34229 - F 06304 NICE Cedex 4, FranceChristopher A. OnkenResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaN. Brice OrangeS. OsłowskiCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaD. PallotSchool of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaJonathan PaxmanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaS. PotterSouth African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South AfricaT. A. PritchardCentre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, H29, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaWasim RajaATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, AustraliaRyan Ridden-HarperResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaE. Romero‐ColmeneroSouth African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South AfricaE. M. SadlerSydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaEleanor K. SansomDepartment of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaR. ScalzoCentre for Translational Data Science, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaB. SchmidtResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaS. M. ScottResearch School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaN. SeghouaniCentre de Recherche en Astronomie, Astrophysique et Géophysique, BP 63, Route de l’Observatoire, Bouzareah, 16340, Alger, AlgeriaZhaohui ShangChinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy, Nanjing 210008, ChinaR. M. ShannonATNF, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, AustraliaLi ShaoKavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, P. R. ChinaMichael M. SharaDepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West and 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USAR. SharpResearch School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2611, AustraliaM. SokołowskiInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, AustraliaJ. SollermanDepartment of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Albanova, SE 10691 Stockholm, SwedenJan E. StaffUniversity of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewer’s Bay, 00802 St Thomas, US Virgin Islands, USAKim SteeleInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
2017en
ABI
Annotatsiya
Abstract The discovery of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave signal has generated follow-up observations by over 50 facilities world-wide, ushering in the new era of multi-messenger astronomy. In this paper, we present follow-up observations of the gravitational wave event GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart SSS17a/DLT17ck (IAU label AT2017gfo) by 14 Australian telescopes and partner observatories as part of Australian-based and Australian-led research programs. We report early- to late-time multi-wavelength observations, including optical imaging and spectroscopy, mid-infrared imaging, radio imaging, and searches for fast radio bursts. Our optical spectra reveal that the transient source emission cooled from approximately 6 400 K to 2 100 K over a 7-d period and produced no significant optical emission lines. The spectral profiles, cooling rate, and photometric light curves are consistent with the expected outburst and subsequent processes of a binary neutron star merger. Star formation in the host galaxy probably ceased at least a Gyr ago, although there is evidence for a galaxy merger. Binary pulsars with short (100 Myr) decay times are therefore unlikely progenitors, but pulsars like PSR B1534+12 with its 2.7 Gyr coalescence time could produce such a merger. The displacement (~2.2 kpc) of the binary star system from the centre of the main galaxy is not unusual for stars in the host galaxy or stars originating in the merging galaxy, and therefore any constraints on the kick velocity imparted to the progenitor are poor.
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