Rastall cosmology and the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>CDM</mml:mi></mml:math>model

Rastall's theory is based on the nonconservation of the energy-momentum tensor. We show that, in this theory, if we introduce a two-fluid model, one component representing vacuum energy whereas the other pressureless matter (e.g. baryons plus cold dark matter), the cosmological scenario is the same as for the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\mathrm{CDM}$ model, both at background and linear perturbation levels, except for one aspect: now dark energy may cluster. We speculate that this can lead to a possibility of distinguishing the models at the nonlinear perturbation level.

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