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Binary Companions of Evolved Stars in APOGEE DR14: Search Method and Catalog of ∼5000 Companions

Adrian M. Price-WhelanDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; [email protected]David W. HoggCenter for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, 726 Broadway, New York, NY 10003, USAHans-Walter RixMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, GermanyNathan De LeeDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USASteven R. MajewskiDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USADavid L. NideverDepartment of Physics, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173840, Bozeman, MT 59717-3840, USANicholas TroupDepartment of Physics, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MD 21801, USAJosé G. Fernández-TrincadoDepartamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, ChileD. A. García–HernándezInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainPenélope Longa-PeñaUnidad de Astronomía, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, ChileChristian NitschelmUnidad de Astronomía, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, ChileJennifer SobeckDepartment of Astronomy, University of Washington, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195, USAOlga ZamoraInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

2018en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Abstract Multi-epoch radial velocity measurements of stars can be used to identify stellar, substellar, and planetary-mass companions. Even a small number of observation epochs can be informative about companions, though there can be multiple qualitatively different orbital solutions that fit the data. We have custom-built a Monte Carlo sampler ( The Joker ) that delivers reliable (and often highly multimodal) posterior samplings for companion orbital parameters given sparse radial velocity data. Here we use The Joker to perform a search for companions to 96,231 red giant stars observed in the APOGEE survey (DR14) with ≥3 spectroscopic epochs. We select stars with probable companions by making a cut on our posterior belief about the amplitude of the variation in stellar radial velocity induced by the orbit. We provide (1) a catalog of 320 companions for which the stellar companion’s properties can be confidently determined, (2) a catalog of 4898 stars that likely have companions, but would require more observations to uniquely determine the orbital properties, and (3) posterior samplings for the full orbital parameters for all stars in the parent sample. We show the characteristics of systems with confidently determined companion properties and highlight interesting systems with candidate compact object companions.

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DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aac387

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