Maqola

A Synoptic- and Remote Sensing-based Analysis of a Severe Dust Storm Event over Central Asia

Parya BroomandiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Masjed-Soleiman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed-Soleiman, IranKaveh MohammadpourClimate Change Technology Transfer to Developing Countries Group (SSPT-PVS), Department of Sustainability, Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Development, ENEA, C. R. Casaccia, 00123 Rome, ItalyDimitris G. KaskaoutisInstitute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Athens, GreeceAram FathianNeotectonics and Natural Hazards Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanySabur F. AbdullaevDepartment of Physical Atmosphere, Physical-Technical Institute, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tajikistan, 734063, Dushanbe, TajikistanВ. А. МасловDepartment of Physical Atmosphere, Physical-Technical Institute, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tajikistan, 734063, Dushanbe, TajikistanAmirhossein NikfalAtmospheric Science and Meteorological Research Centre (ASMRC), Tehran, IranAli JahanbakhshiSchool of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United KingdomBakhyt AubakirovaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, KazakhstanJong KimDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, KazakhstanAlfrendo SatyanagaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, KazakhstanAlireza RashkiDepartment of Desert and Arid Zones Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranNick MiddletonSt Anne’s College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HS, United Kingdom

2023en

ABI

Annotatsiya

A severe dust storm blanketing Central Asia on 3–4 November 2021 was investigated employing satellite remote-sensing, synoptic meteorological observations, reanalysis and HYSPLIT back-trajectories. The prevailing meteorological conditions showed an intensification of air subsidence over eastern Kazakhstan, featured in a typical omega-blocking system over the region and two troughs to its west and east axis, one day before the dust storm. The prevailing high-pressure system and temperature gradients over Kazakhstan modulated the dominant anticyclonic wind pattern generated from the south Balkhash basin toward the Caspian Sea, causing a huge dust storm that covered the southern half of Kazakhstan and large parts of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. The dust storm originated in the steppes of southern Kazakhstan by violent downdraft winds. Initially it swept over eastern parts and then the whole of Uzbekistan, reaching the Caspian Sea in the west. Meteorological measurements and HYSPLIT back-trajectories at selected sites in Central Asia (Turkmenabat, Khujand and Tashkent) showed a remarkable dust impact that reduced temperature (by 2–4°C) and visibility to below 1 km at different periods, as the thick dust plume expanded in various directions. The extremely high PM concentrations (PM10 > 10,000 µg m–3 in Tashkent) could endanger both human health and the environment, especially in a region suffering from high susceptibility to wind erosion and significant land degradation and desertification. Effective and immediate stabilising measures to control wind erosion in vulnerable areas of Central Asia are warranted.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.220309

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