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Carbonate Ester‐Based Sodium Metal Battery with High‐Capacity Retention at −50 °C Enabled by Weak Solvents and Electrodeposited Anode

Chao HuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan ChinaShan GuoSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan ChinaFei HuangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan ChinaYi YangAdvanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 ChinaChong YanAdvanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 ChinaChen‐Zi ZhaoBeijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 ChinaShuquan LiangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan ChinaGuozhao FangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University Changsha 410083 Hunan ChinaQiang ZhangBeijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

2024en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Abstract Sodium metal batteries (SMBs) have received increasing attention due to the abundant sodium resources and high energy density, but suffered from the sluggish interfacial kinetic and unstable plating/stripping of sodium anode at low temperature, especially when matched with ester electrolytes. Here, we develop a stable ultra‐low‐temperature SMBs with high‐capacity retention at −50 °C in a weak solvated carbonate ester‐based electrolyte, combined with an electrodeposited Na (Cu/Na) anode. The Cu/Na anode with electrochemically activated “deposited sodium” and stable inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is favor for the fast Na + migration, therefore accelerating the interfacial kinetic process. As a result, the Cu/Na||NaCrO 2 battery exhibited the highest capacity retention (compared to room‐temperature capacity) in carbonate ester‐based SMBs (98.05 % at −25 °C, 91.3 % at −40 °C, 87.9 % at −50 °C, respectively). The cyclic stability of 350 cycles at −25 °C with a high energy efficiency of 96.15 % and 70 cycles at −50 °C can be achieved. Even in chill atmospheric environment with the fluctuant temperature, the battery can still operate over one month. This work provides a new opportunity for the development of low‐temperature carbonate ester‐based SMBs.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407075

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