Tracking the Evolution of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Mariam Jamal‐HanjaniFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeGareth A. WilsonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeNicholas McGranahanFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeNicolai J. BirkbakFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeThomas B.K. WatkinsFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSelvaraju VeeriahFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSeema ShafiFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeDiana JohnsonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRichard MitterFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRachel RosenthalFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMax SalmFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeStuart HorswellFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMickael EscuderoFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeNik MatthewsFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeAndrew RowanFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeTim ChambersFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeDavid A. MooreFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSamra TurajlicFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeHang XuFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSiow Ming LeeFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMartin FörsterFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeTanya AhmadFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeCrispin T. HileyUniversity College LondonChristopher AbboshFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMary FalzonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeElaine BorgFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeTeresa MarafiotiFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeDavid LawrenceFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMartin HaywardFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeShyam KolvekarFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeNikolaos PanagiotopoulosFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSam M. JanesFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRicky M. ThakrarFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeAsia AhmedFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeFiona BlackhallFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeYvonne SummersFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRajesh ShahFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeLeena Dennis JosephFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeAnne Marie QuinnFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MePhilip CrosbieFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeBabu NaiduFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeGary MiddletonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeGerald LangmanFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSimon TrotterFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeM. NicolsonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeHardy RemmenFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeKeith M. KerrFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMahendran ChettyFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeLesley GomersallFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeDean A. FennellFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeApostolos NakasFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSridhar RathinamFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeGirija AnandUniversity College LondonSajid KhanFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MePeter RussellFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeVeni EzhilFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeBabikir IsmailFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMelanie Irvin-SellersUniversity College LondonVineet PrakashFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeJ.F. LesterFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeMalgorzata KornaszewskaFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRichard AttanoosFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeHaydn AdamsFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeHelen DaviesFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeStefan C. DentroFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MePhilippe TanièreFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeBrendan O’SullivanBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Molecular Pathology Diagnostic Services, Queen Elizabeth HospitalHelen L. LoweFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeJohn A. HartleyFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeNatasha IlesFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeHarriet BellFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeYenting NgaiFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeJacqui ShawUniversity College LondonJavier HerreroFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeZoltán SzállásiFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeRoland F. SchwarzFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeAengus StewartFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeSergio A. QuezadaCancer Immunology UnitJohn Le QuesneFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MePeter Van LooFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeCaroline DiveFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeAllan HackshawFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory MeCharles SwantonFrom the Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence (M.J.-H., G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., S.V., S.S., D.H.J., R.R., S.-M.L., M.D.F., C.A., S.M.J., C.D., C.S.), London and Manchester, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Facility, University College London (UCL) Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (H.L.L., J.A.H.), Bill Lyons Informatics Centre (J.H.), and Cancer Immunology Unit (S.A.Q.), UCL Cancer Institute, the Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory (G.A.W., N. McGranahan, N.J.B., T.B.K.W., A.R., T.C., S. Turajlic, H.X., C.T.H., C.S.), Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics (R.M., M.S., S.H., M.E., A.S.), Advanced Sequencing Facility (N. Matthews), and Cancer Genomics Laboratory (S.D., P.V.L.), Francis Crick Institute, the Renal and Skin Units, Royal Marsden Hospital (S. Turajlic), the Departments of Medical Oncology (M.J.-H., S.-M.L., M.D.F., T.A., C.A., C.S.), Pathology (M.F., E.B., T.M.), Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.L., M.H., S. Kolvekar, N.P.), Respiratory Me
2017en
ABI
Annotatsiya
BACKGROUND: Among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), data on intratumor heterogeneity and cancer genome evolution have been limited to small retrospective cohorts. We wanted to prospectively investigate intratumor heterogeneity in relation to clinical outcome and to determine the clonal nature of driver events and evolutionary processes in early-stage NSCLC. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we performed multiregion whole-exome sequencing on 100 early-stage NSCLC tumors that had been resected before systemic therapy. We sequenced and analyzed 327 tumor regions to define evolutionary histories, obtain a census of clonal and subclonal events, and assess the relationship between intratumor heterogeneity and recurrence-free survival. RESULTS: ), which remained significant in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Intratumor heterogeneity mediated through chromosome instability was associated with an increased risk of recurrence or death, a finding that supports the potential value of chromosome instability as a prognostic predictor. (Funded by Cancer Research UK and others; TRACERx ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01888601 .).
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