Mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity of CAR T-cell therapy and associated prevention and management strategies
Xinyi XiaoThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of ChinaShengkang HuangThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of ChinaSifei ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of ChinaYazhuo WangMedical College of Rehabilitation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of ChinaQihang SunState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of ChinaXinjie XuState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China. [email protected]Yuhua LiBioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510005, People's Republic of China. [email protected]
2021en
ABI
Annotatsiya
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has yielded impressive outcomes and transformed treatment algorithms for hematological malignancies. To date, five CAR T-cell products have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Nevertheless, some significant toxicities pose great challenges to the development of CAR T-cell therapy, most notably cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Understanding the mechanisms underlying these toxicities and establishing prevention and treatment strategies are important. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying CRS and ICANS and provide potential treatment and prevention strategies.
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