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Scalable synthesis of ant-nest-like bulk porous silicon for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes

Weili AnThe State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430081, Wuhan, ChinaBiao GaoDepartment of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, ChinaShixiong MeiThe State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430081, Wuhan, ChinaBen XiangThe State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430081, Wuhan, ChinaJijiang FuThe State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430081, Wuhan, ChinaLei WangWuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, ChinaQiaobao ZhangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China. [email protected]Paul K. ChuDepartment of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, ChinaKaifu HuoWuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China. [email protected]

2019en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Abstract Although silicon is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries, scalable synthesis of silicon anodes with good cyclability and low electrode swelling remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a scalable top-down technique to produce ant-nest-like porous silicon from magnesium-silicon alloy. The ant-nest-like porous silicon comprising three-dimensional interconnected silicon nanoligaments and bicontinuous nanopores can prevent pulverization and accommodate volume expansion during cycling resulting in negligible particle-level outward expansion. The carbon-coated porous silicon anode delivers a high capacity of 1,271 mAh g −1 at 2,100 mA g −1 with 90% capacity retention after 1,000 cycles and has a low electrode swelling of 17.8% at a high areal capacity of 5.1 mAh cm −2 . The full cell with the prelithiated silicon anode and Li(Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 cathode boasts a high energy density of 502 Wh Kg −1 and 84% capacity retention after 400 cycles. This work provides insights into the rational design of alloy anodes for high-energy batteries.

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09510-5

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