Novel treatments for the radiative-magnetive Ellis hybrid nanofluids flow inside stenotic shrinking artery with imposed convective slip boundary conditions and entropy generation: An application in cardiovascular disease

This research delves into the theoretical and computational analysis of blood flow dynamics within a constricted, porous artery using a novel hybrid nanofluid model known as the Ellis model, which incorporates gold and silver nanoparticles. The investigation encompasses a spectrum of physical phenomena, including magnetic effects, Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium flow, viscous dissipation, and non-linear thermal radiation. Additionally, a convective slip boundary condition is applied at the arterial surface. By transforming the governing nonlinear partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, the study facilitates a comprehensive analysis. Subsequently, employing the bvp4c algorithm in MATLAB enables the numerical solution of these equations, yielding dual solutions for the system. Graphical representations are then utilized to elucidate various profiles, including velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and entropy. The findings highlight intriguing trends, such as the contrasting behaviors of skin friction and Nusselt number between the Au/Blood nanofluid and the Au − Ag/Blood hybrid nanofluid. Dual solutions can not be found beyond the critical values of suction (Sc) and curvature (γc) parameters. The critical values Sc are 2.3554 and 2.3170; γc are 0.2248 and 0.2654 for Au/Blood and Au − Ag/Blood, respectively. Moreover, insights are gained into the influence of magnetic field, Darcy-Forchheimer parameters on velocity reduction and the effect of the Ellis fluid, velocity slip parameters on temperature reduction profile. The heat transference rate increases in the situation of augmentation in shrinking parameyer and thermal radiation effect, which helps remove the toxic plaque from the blood flowing at the surface of the artery. Notably, the study underscores the significance of nanoparticle presence, porous and magnetic field parameters in enhancing entropy near the artery, with implications for cancer treatment and stroke prevention strategies.

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