Enhancing the quasi-theoretical photocurrent density of ZnO nanorods <i>via</i> a lukewarm hydrothermal method

. A further contribution to such an outstanding performance stems from additional photocurrent generation by the ZnO NRA upon visible light illumination. This is attributed to a variety of native defects and the surface hydroxyl groups present in the ZnO NRA, giving rise to the mid-gap states that mediate the associated electronic transitions. Moreover, those lattice imperfections further boost the carrier concentration of the ZnO NRA to facilitate the carrier transport which in turn enhances the photoelectrochemical activity.

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