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Gene genealogies reveal global phylogeographic structure and reproductive isolation among lineages of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> , the fungus causing wheat scab

Kerry O’DonnellMicrobial Properties Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604; Cereal Disease Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1551 Lindig Street, St. Paul, MN 55108; and Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, 150 Van Es Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105Harold KistlerMicrobial Properties Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604; Cereal Disease Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1551 Lindig Street, St. Paul, MN 55108; and Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, 150 Van Es Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105Beth K. TackeMicrobial Properties Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604; Cereal Disease Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1551 Lindig Street, St. Paul, MN 55108; and Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, 150 Van Es Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105Howard H. CasperMicrobial Properties Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604; Cereal Disease Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, 1551 Lindig Street, St. Paul, MN 55108; and Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, 150 Van Es Hall, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105

2000en

ABI

Annotatsiya

During the past decade, the plant disease called scab or Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley has reached epidemic proportions in North America and elsewhere in the world. Scab is an economically devastating plant disease, not only because it causes significant reduction in seed yields and quality, but also because infested seeds are often contaminated with trichothecene and estrogenic mycotoxins that pose a serious threat to animal health and food safety. To test whether the primary etiological agent of scab, the fungus Fusarium graminearum, is panmictic throughout its range, allelic genealogies were constructed from six single-copy nuclear genes from strains selected to represent the global genetic diversity of this pathogen. Excluding one hybrid strain, all six genealogies recovered the same seven biogeographically structured lineages, suggesting that they represent phylogenetically distinct species among which gene flow has been very limited during their evolutionary history. Parsimony analysis of the combined data set comprising 7,120 aligned nucleotide characters resolved most relationships among the seven lineages of the F. graminearum clade and related fusaria included in the study. Phylogenetic evidence is also presented for introgressive hybridization and intragenic recombination among lineages of the F. graminearum clade in nature.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.130193297

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