The XXL Survey
M. PierreService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceF. PacaudArgelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, 53121 Bonn, GermanyC. AdamiUniversité Aix-Marseille, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, FranceSinan AlişDepartment of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34119 Istanbul, TurkeyB. AltieriEuropean Space Astronomy Centre (ESA/ESAC), Operations Department, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainN. BaranDepartment of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaC. BenoistLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06304 Nice, FranceM. BirkinshawH.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UKA. BongiornoINAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Roma, ItalyL. PozzettiH.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UKM. BrusaDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyA. ButlerInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, M468, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaP. CiliegiINAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, via Ranzani 1, 40127 Bologna, ItalyL. ChiappettiINAF, IASF Milano, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyN. ClercMax Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstrasse 1, 85748 Garching bei München, GermanyPier-Stefano CorasanitiLaboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTh), CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris Diderot, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92190 Meudon, FranceJ. CouponDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandC. De BreuckEuropean Southern Observatory, 85748 Garching, GermanyJ. DémoclèsSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKS. DesaiLudwig Maximilian Universität, 80539 München, GermanyJ. DelhaizeDepartment of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaJulien DevriendtAstrophysics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKYohan DuboisCNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceD. EckertDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandA. ElyivINAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, via Ranzani 1, 40127 Bologna, ItalyS. EttoriINAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, via Ranzani 1, 40127 Bologna, ItalyA. E. EvrardDepartments of Physics and Astronomy and Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAL. FaccioliService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceArya FarahiDepartments of Physics and Astronomy and Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USAC. FerrariLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06304 Nice, FranceE. FinetAryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, 263 129 Nainita, Uttarakhand, IndiaS. FotopoulouDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandN. FourmanoitDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandP. GandhiDepartment of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UKE. GastaldelloINAF, IASF Milano, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyR. GastaudDSM/IRFU/SEDI, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceI. GeorgantopoulosIAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Penteli, GreecePaul GilesH.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UKL. GuennouIAS, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FranceV. GuglielmoINAF–Astronomical Observatory of Padova, ItalyC. HorellouDept. of Earth & Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92 Onsala, SwedenK. HusbandH.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UKMinh HuynhInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, M468, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaA. IovinoINAF-OAB, Brera, ItalyM. KilbingerCEA Paris-SaclayE. KoulouridisIAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Penteli, GreeceS. LavoieDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, CanadaA. M. C. Le BrunAstrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UKJ. P. Le FèvreDSM/IRFU/SEDI, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceC. LidmanAustralian Astronomical Observatory, Epping, North Ryde NSW 2113, AustraliaMaggie LieuSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKChieh-An LinService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceA. MantzDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USAB. J. MaughanH.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UKS. MaurogordatoLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06304 Nice, FranceIan G. McCarthyAstrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UKSean McGeeSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKJ.-B. MelinDSM/IRFU/SPP, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceО. MelnykAstronomical Observatory, Taras Shevshenko National University of Kyiv, UkraineF. MenanteauUniversity of Illinois, USAMladen NovakDepartment of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaS. PaltaniDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandM. PlionisAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Physics Department, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceBianca M. PoggiantiINAF–Astronomical Observatory of Padova, ItalyD. M. PomaredeDSM/IRFU/SEDI, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceE. PompeiEuropean Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, ChileT. J. PonmanSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKM. E. Ramos-CejaArgelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, 53121 Bonn, GermanyP. RanalliIAASARS, National Observatory of Athens, 15236 Penteli, GreeceDavid RapettiDark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkS. RaychauduryFaculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Physics, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, (Calcutta) 700 073 Kolkata, IndiaT. H. ReiprichArgelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, 53121 Bonn, GermanyH. J. A. RöttgeringLeiden Observatory, The NetherlandsEduardo RozoSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, USAE. S. RykoffSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, USAT. SadibekovaService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceJoana SantosINAF–Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, ItalyJ.‐L. SauvageotService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceC. SchimdUniversité Aix-Marseille, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, FranceM. SerenoDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyG. P. SmithSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKV. SmolčićDepartment of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaS. L. SnowdenCode 662, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USADavid N. SpergelPrinceton University, USAS. A. StanfordUniversity of California, Davis, CA 95616, USAJ. SurdejExtragalactic Astrophysics and Space Observations (AEOS), University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 17 (Sart Tilman, Bât. B5c), 4000Liège, BelgiumPatrick ValageasInstitut de Physique Théorique, CEA, Saclay, FranceA. ValottiService d’Astrophysique AIM, DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceI. ValtchanovEuropean Space Astronomy Centre (ESA/ESAC), Operations Department, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainC. VignaliDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyJ. P. WillisDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, CanadaF. ZiparoSchool of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
2015en
ABI
Annotatsiya
Context. The quest for the cosmological parameters that describe our universe continues to motivate the scientific community to undertake very large survey initiatives across the electromagnetic spectrum. Over the past two decades, the Chandra and XMM-Newton observatories have supported numerous studies of X-ray-selected clusters of galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and the X-ray background. The present paper is the first in a series reporting results of the XXL-XMM survey; it comes at a time when the Planck mission results are being finalised.
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