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Municipal solid waste management and waste-to-energy in the context of a circular economy and energy recycling in Europe

Jurgita MalinauskaitėBrunel Law School, College of Business, Arts and Social Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH London, UKHussam JouharaInstitute of Energy Futures, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH London, UKDina CzajczyńskaFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandPeyo StanchevDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge Campus, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, Uxbridge, UKEvina KatsouDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge Campus, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, Uxbridge, UKPaweł RostkowskiDepartment of Environmental Chemistry, NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research, PO Box 100, 2027 Kjeller, NorwayRebecca Jayne ThorneDepartment of Environmental Impacts and Sustainability, NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research, PO Box 100, 2027 Kjeller, NorwayJoan ColónBETA Tech. Center. (TECNIO Network), U Sciente Tech., University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, C/ de la Laura 13, 08500 Vic, SpainSergio PonsáBETA Tech. Center. (TECNIO Network), U Sciente Tech., University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, C/ de la Laura 13, 08500 Vic, SpainFaris AlmansourInstitut Jožef Stefan- Ceneter za energetsko učinkovitost (IJS-CEU), Jozef Stefan Institute - Energy Efficiency Centre (JSI-EEC), SloveniaLorna AnguilanoExperimental Techniques Centre, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKRenata KrzyżyńskaFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandI.C. LópezUnidad de Medio Ambiente, Area de Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Tecnología Cerámica, Campus Universitario Riu Sec, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, SpainAntonis VlasopoulosInstitute of Energy Futures, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH London, UKN. Spencer

2017en

ABI

Annotatsiya

This paper proposes an overarching review of national municipal waste management systems and waste-to-energy as an important part of it in the context of circular economy in the selected countries in Europe. The growth of population and rising standards of living means that the consumption of goods and energy is increasing. On the one hand, consumption leads to an increase in the generation of waste. On the other hand, the correlation between increased wealth and increased energy consumption is very strong as well. Given that the average heating value of municipal solid waste (MSW) is approximately 10 MJ/kg, it seems logical to use waste as a source of energy. Traditionally, waste-to-energy (WtE) has been associated with incineration. Yet, the term is much broader, embracing various waste treatment processes generating energy (for instance, in the form of electricity and/or heat or producing a waste-derived fuel). Turning waste into energy can be one key to a circular economy enabling the value of products, materials, and resources to be maintained on the market for as long as possible, minimising waste and resource use. As the circular economy is at the top of the EU agenda, all Member States of the EU (including the EEA countries) should move away from the old-fashioned disposal of waste to a more intelligent waste treatment encompassing the circular economy approach in their waste policies. Therefore, the article examines how these EU policies are implemented in practice. Given that WtE traditionally is attached to the MSW management and organisation, the focus of this article is twofold. Firstly, it aims to identify the different practices of municipal waste management employed in selected countries and their approaches in embracing the circular economy and, secondly, the extent to which WtE technologies play any role in this context. The following countries, Estonia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, and the UK were chosen to depict a broad European context.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.128

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