Reaching the hydrodynamic regime in a Bose-Einstein condensate by suppression of avalanches
K. StamAtom Optics and Ultrafast Dynamics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80,000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The NetherlandsR. MeppelinkAtom Optics and Ultrafast Dynamics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80,000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The NetherlandsJ. M. VogelsAtom Optics and Ultrafast Dynamics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80,000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The NetherlandsP. van der StratenAtom Optics and Ultrafast Dynamics, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80,000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
2007en
ABI
Annotatsiya
We report the realization of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in the hydrodynamic regime. The hydrodynamic regime is reached by evaporative cooling at a relatively low density suppressing the effect of avalanches. With the suppression of avalanches a BEC containing more than ${10}^{8}$ atoms is produced. The collisional opacity can be tuned from the collisionless regime to a collisional opacity of more than 2 by compressing the trap after condensation. In the collisional opaque regime a significant heating of the cloud at time scales shorter than half of the radial trap period is measured, which is a direct proof that the BEC is hydrodynamic.
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