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Enhancement of Electron Density in the Ionospheric <i>F</i><sub>2</sub> Layer Near the First Contact of the Total Solar Eclipse on 21 August 2017

Zhengyuan TianInstitute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geoscience Wuhan ChinaYiyi SuiInstitute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geoscience Wuhan ChinaShengting ZhuCAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei ChinaYang‐Yi SunInstitute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geoscience Wuhan China

2022en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Abstract It can be expected that a moon shadow of solar eclipse can largely reduce the ionospheric electron density ( Ne ) during the obscuration. However, in this study, the total electron content (TEC) from the ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System receivers recorded a significant Ne enhancement over the continental United States (CONUS) near the first contact of the total solar eclipse on 21 August 2017. The ionosonde observations of the F 2 ‐layer peak density ( N m F 2 ) and its height ( h m F 2 ) over Idaho National Lab (43.81°N, 112.68°W, 99.6% obscuration), ID, and Boulder (40°N, 105.3°W, 93.1% obscuration), CO, verified the unexpected early enhancement. The ionospheric Ne starts to enhance at ∼1520 UT (before the obscuration) and increases by ∼25% to ∼80% at ∼1600 UT (near the first contact) in the F 2 layer. The early enhancement reveals the ascension of the F 2 layer that tilted east over the CONUS.

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DOI: 10.1029/2021ea002016

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