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Biomarkers of Cancer Stem Cells for Experimental Research and Clinical Application

Shigeo SaitoChia‐Chen KuCell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, TaiwanKenly WuputraCell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, TaiwanJia-Bin PanCell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, TaiwanChang‐Shen LinGraduate Institute of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanYing‐Chu LinSchool of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, TaiwanDeng‐Chyang WuCell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, TaiwanKazunari K. YokoyamaCell Therapy and Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan

2022en

ABI

Annotatsiya

The use of biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis has been highly effective over several decades. Studies of biomarkers in cancer patients pre- and post-treatment and during cancer progression have helped identify cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their related microenvironments. These analyses are critical for the therapeutic application of drugs and the efficient targeting and prevention of cancer progression, as well as the investigation of the mechanism of the cancer development. Biomarkers that characterize CSCs have thus been identified and correlated to diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. However, CSCs demonstrate elevated levels of plasticity, which alters their functional phenotype and appearance by interacting with their microenvironments, in response to chemotherapy and radiotherapeutics. In turn, these changes induce different metabolic adaptations of CSCs. This article provides a review of the most frequently used CSCs and stem cell markers.

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DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050715

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