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Land–Atmosphere Interactions: The LoCo Perspective

Joseph A. SantanelloHydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MarylandPaul A. DirmeyerCenter for Ocean–Land–Atmosphere Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VirginiaCraig R. FergusonAtmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New YorkKirsten L. FindellGeophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New JerseyAhmed B. TawfikNational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, ColoradoAlexis BergDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New JerseyMichael EkNational Centers for Environmental Prediction, College Park, MarylandPierre GentineEarth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New YorkBenoît P. GuillodInstitute for Environmental Decisions, and Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandChiel C. van HeerwaardenMeteorology and Air Quality Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NetherlandsJoshua K. RoundyCivil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KansasVolker WulfmeyerInstitute of Physics and Meteorology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany

2017en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Abstract Land–atmosphere (L-A) interactions are a main driver of Earth’s surface water and energy budgets; as such, they modulate near-surface climate, including clouds and precipitation, and can influence the persistence of extremes such as drought. Despite their importance, the representation of L-A interactions in weather and climate models remains poorly constrained, as they involve a complex set of processes that are difficult to observe in nature. In addition, a complete understanding of L-A processes requires interdisciplinary expertise and approaches that transcend traditional research paradigms and communities. To address these issues, the international Global Energy and Water Exchanges project (GEWEX) Global Land–Atmosphere System Study (GLASS) panel has supported “L-A coupling” as one of its core themes for well over a decade. Under this initiative, several successful land surface and global climate modeling projects have identified hot spots of L-A coupling and helped quantify the role of land surface states in weather and climate predictability. GLASS formed the Local Land–Atmosphere Coupling (LoCo) project and working group to examine L-A interactions at the process level, focusing on understanding and quantifying these processes in nature and evaluating them in models. LoCo has produced an array of L-A coupling metrics for different applications and scales and has motivated a growing number of young scientists from around the world. This article provides an overview of the LoCo effort, including metric and model applications, along with scientific and programmatic developments and challenges.

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DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-17-0001.1

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