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Graphene-Based Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Sandwich-type Architecture for High-Performance Li/S Batteries

Renjie ChenBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaTeng ZhaoBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaJun LüChemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60440, United StatesFeng WuBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaLi LiBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaJunzheng ChenBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaGuoqiang TanBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaYusheng YeBeijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, ChinaKhalil AmineChemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60440, United States

2013en

ABI

Annotatsiya

A multiwalled carbon nanotube/sulfur (MWCNT@S) composite with core-shell structure was successfully embedded into the interlay galleries of graphene sheets (GS) through a facile two-step assembly process. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images reveal a 3D hierarchical sandwich-type architecture of the composite GS-MWCNT@S. The thickness of the S layer on the MWCNTs is ~20 nm. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirm that the sulfur in the composite is highly crystalline with a mass loading up to 70% of the composite. This composite is evaluated as a cathode material for Li/S batteries. The GS-MWCNT@S composite exhibits a high initial capacity of 1396 mAh/g at a current density of 0.2C (1C = 1672 mA/g), corresponding to 83% usage of the sulfur active material. Much improved cycling stability and rate capability are achieved for the GS-MWCNT@S composite cathode compared with the composite lacking GS or MWCNT. The superior electrochemical performance of the GS-MWCNT@S composite is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of GS and MWCNTs, which provide a 3D conductive network for electron transfer, open channels for ion diffusion, strong confinement of soluble polysulfides, and effective buffer for volume expansion of the S cathode during discharge.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1021/nl4016683

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