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Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities

Damião Pergentino de SousaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BrazilRenan O. SilvaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, BrazilRiccardo AmoratiDepartment of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, ItalyHatem A. ElshabrawyDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USARicardo Dias de CastroDepartment of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, BrazilDaniel P. BezerraInstituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, BrazilVitória Regina V. NunesDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BrazilRebeca C. GomesDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, BrazilTamires Cardoso LimaDepartment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazil

2023en

ABI

Annotatsiya

In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the main mechanisms of pharmacological action of essential oils and their components in various biological systems. A brief introduction on essential oil chemistry is presented to better understand the relationship of chemical aspects with the bioactivity of these products. Next, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities are discussed. The mechanisms of action against various types of viruses are also addressed. The data show that the multiplicity of pharmacological properties of essential oils occurs due to the chemical diversity in their composition and their ability to interfere with biological processes at cellular and multicellular levels via interaction with various biological targets. Therefore, these natural products can be a promising source for the development of new drugs.

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DOI: 10.3390/biom13071144

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