Investigating the role of Al doping on the bandgap modulation and photocatalytic efficiency of strontium manganese ferrite for ciprofloxacin degradation
Annotatsiya
<title>Abstract</title> In this study, aluminum-doped strontium manganese ferrite Sr<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>Al<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>2−X</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) was used as a photocatalyst for ciprofloxacin degradation under visible light. It was prepared via Sol-gel combustion and characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET, resistivity, and optical spectroscopy, confirming its spinel structure, physicochemical attributes, and bandgap modulation from Al doping. Under Normal conditions, Sr<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>Al<sub>0.4</sub>Fe<sub>1.6</sub>O<sub>4</sub> achieved 90.24% ciprofloxacin removal in 120 min under 100 W of visible light at pH 7 and 30°C. Scavenging experiments have identified superoxide and hydroxyl radicals as the primary reactive species. The kinetic analysis revealed a first-order rate law (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.987). The catalyst exhibited excellent stability over five reuse cycles, retaining 78.32% efficiency. This research highlights the remarkable capacity of aluminum-doped strontium manganese ferrites as a sturdy and effective photocatalyst for solar-light-induced degradation of contemporary water pollutants, including ciprofloxacin.
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