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Influence of graphene nanoplate size and heat flux on nanofluid heat exchanger performance: A molecular dynamics approach

Zhongxiu YangShandong Engineering Laboratory for Clean Utilization of Chemical Resources, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Weifang, 262700, PR ChinaAli BasemFaculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala 56001, IraqDheyaa J. JasimCollege of Engineering, University of Al Maarif, Al Anbar, 31001, IraqNarinderjit Singh Sawaran SinghFaculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, MalaysiaSalman SaeidlouSchool of Engineering, Technology and Design, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, Kent CT11QU, UKMohammed Al‐BahraniS. Mohammad SajadiDepartment of Chemistry, Payam e Noor University, Saqqez Branch, Saqqez, Kurdistan, IranSoheil SalahshourFaculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, TurkeyAli Mohammadi HasanabadFast Computing Center, Shabihsazan Ati Pars, Tehran, Iran

2025en

ABI

Annotatsiya

This study aimed to enhance the thermal efficiency of nanofluid-based heat exchangers by exploring the simultaneous effects of external heat flux and graphene nanoplate sizes on thermal and structural characteristics. Effective heat transfer is a critical requirement for managing heat in microscale systems, where optimizing the thermal performance of nanofluids can improve device performance. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out of a sinusoidal inner surface copper heat exchanger coated with silicon nanoparticles to demonstrate atomic-level interaction within the nanofluid. The significant findings showed that while an external rising heat flux decreased heat flux from 41.7 to 37.26 W/m 2 and thermal conductivity of nanofluid from 14.53 to 13.80 W/m·K, only an increase in viscosity from 0.32 to 0.49 mPa·s, the agglomeration time of nanoparticles decreased from 3.71 to 3.33 ns and friction coefficient from 0.022 to 0.015, could indicate a difference in particle behavior responding to the thermal stress. However, the size of the graphene nanoplate from 5 to 15 Å increases the heat flux from 40.05 to 46.77 W/m 2 and thermal conductivity of the nanofluid from 14.15 to 14.99 W/m·K, since the larger graphene nanoplate films can produce a more substantial covalent bonding and link interlayer coupling. In contrast, the larger nanoplate also enhanced viscosity from 0.30 to 0.39 mPa·s, aggregation time from 3.64 to 4.01 ns, and friction coefficient from 0.020 to 0.026, which indicated lower particle mobility. This study was the first of its kind to contribute to the existing knowledge gap by investigating the simultaneous effect of both the nanoplate size and external heat flux in an oscillating microchannel heat exchanger. The knowledge provided offers an experimental pathway in optimizing the nanofluid properties and the heat exchanger geometry for improved thermal management for compact and microscale applications.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.109386

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