Revolutionizing battery thermal management: hybrid nanofluids and PCM in cylindrical pack cooling

Abstract The thermal management of cylindrical battery packs, widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems, is a critical aspect of ensuring their safety, performance, and longevity. As energy densities increase, effective cooling solutions become essential to address the challenges posed by excessive heat generation and uneven temperature distribution. This review has highlighted the promising potential of hybrid nanofluids and phase change materials (PCMs) in advancing thermal management systems for battery packs. Hybrid nanofluids, offering enhanced heat transfer properties, and PCMs, capable of storing and dissipating latent heat, represent a promising synergy for improving thermal management systems. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of hybrid nanofluids and PCM in addressing the thermal challenges of cylindrical battery packs. The paper discusses heat generation mechanisms, the drawbacks of existing cooling methods, and the advantages of integrating these advanced materials into thermal management systems. By identifying research gaps and opportunities, this review offers a pathway for optimizing battery performance and highlights future research directions necessary for scalable and sustainable solutions. According to this review, future research should concentrate on creating hybrid cooling systems that effectively combine active, passive, and hybrid cooling techniques. Additional advancements in computer modeling, nanotechnology, and material science will be crucial to achieving the full potential of these innovative materials and overcoming existing limitations.

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