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Short chain fatty acids: Microbial metabolites for gut-brain axis signalling

Kenneth J. O’RiordanAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, IrelandMichael CollinsAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, IrelandGerard M. MoloneyAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, IrelandEmily G. KnoxAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, IrelandMaría R. AburtoAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, IrelandChristine FüllingAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, IrelandShane J. MorleyAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, IrelandGerard ClarkeAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandHarriët SchellekensAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, IrelandJohn F. CryanAPC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland. Electronic address: [email protected]

2022en

ABI

Annotatsiya

The role of the intestinal microbiota as a regulator of gut-brain axis signalling has risen to prominence in recent years. Understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota, the metabolites it produces, and the brain will be critical for the subsequent development of new therapeutic approaches, including the identification of novel psychobiotics. A key focus in this regard have been the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre, which include butyrate, acetate, and propionate. Ongoing research is focused on the entry of SCFAs into systemic circulation from the gut lumen, their migration to cerebral circulation and across the blood brain barrier, and their potential to exert acute and chronic effects on brain structure and function. This review aims to discuss our current mechanistic understanding of the direct and indirect influence that SCFAs have on brain function, behaviour and physiology, which will inform future microbiota-targeted interventions for brain disorders.

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DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111572

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