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Air pollution and temperature are associated with increased COVID-19 incidence: A time series study

He LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110801, Liaoning, ChinaXiao-Long XuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Hai Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 168 Chang Hai Rd, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDawei DaiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 415 Feng Yang Rd, Shanghai 200003, ChinaZhenyu HuangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 415 Feng Yang Rd, Shanghai 200003, ChinaZhuang MaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110801, Liaoning, ChinaYanjun GuanDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 149 Chong Qing Rd, Shanghai 200020, China. Electronic address: [email protected]

2020en

ABI

Annotatsiya

ObjectivesAlthough COVID-19 is known to be caused by human-to-human transmission, it remains largely unclear whether ambient air pollutants and meteorological parameters could promote its transmission.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to study whether air quality index (AQI), four ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and CO) and five meteorological variables (daily temperature, highest temperature, lowest temperature, temperature difference and sunshine duration) could increase COVID-19 incidence in Wuhan and XiaoGan between Jan 26th to Feb 29th in 2020.ResultsFirst, a significant correlation was found between COVID-19 incidence and AQI in both Wuhan (R2 = 0.13, p < 0.05) and XiaoGan (R2 = 0.223, p < 0.01). Specifically, among four pollutants, COVID-19 incidence was prominently correlated with PM2.5 and NO2 in both cities. In Wuhan, the tightest correlation was observed between NO2 and COVID-19 incidence (R2 = 0.329, p < 0.01). In XiaoGan, in addition to the PM2.5 (R2 = 0.117, p < 0.01) and NO2 (R2 = 0.015, p < 0.05), a notable correlation was also observed between the PM10 and COVID-19 incidence (R2 = 0.105, p < 0.05). Moreover, temperature is the only meteorological parameter that constantly correlated well with COVID-19 incidence in both Wuhan and XiaoGan, but in an inverse correlation (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAQI, PM2.5, NO2, and temperature are four variables that could promote the sustained transmission of COVID-19.

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DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.076

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